近日，美国财政部长耶伦在接受美国公共媒体经济电台采访时，再次炒作中国在电动汽车、太阳能等领域存在所谓“产能过剩”的言论，遭到主持人的质问。

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美国电台主持人 凯·雷斯达尔：我想问您关于这次访问的重点之一，您提到过的电动汽车、电池，这些先进产品产能过剩的问题。有没有可能，我们只是在这些领域被中国打败了？

美国财政部长 耶伦：我们不认为（双方的）竞争是公平的。我们认为，中国向他们认为对经济发展至关重要的领域大规模提供补贴。    The automotive experts at Edmunds test SUVs of all shapes, sizes and prices. During these evaluations, certain models rise to the top with qualities such as roomy seating and cargo areas, a comfortable ride, and easy-to-use touchscreens and technology features. But with many prospective buyers looking to make every dollar count, it’s important to consider value as well.Working with a budget cap of $40,000, Edmunds picked five SUVs to highlight. Some have city-friendly proportions that take the stress out of parking in tight spots, while others have cavernous cargo holds and handy third-row seating. They are listed below in order of price, which includes the destination charge.2024 MAZDA CX-50The Mazda CX-50 small SUV earns a spot in this list thanks to its driving refinement and upscale cabin. From inside it’s not hard to believe that you’re behind the wheel of a luxury-badged model. The design is first-rate and the seats are supportive in either row. The CX-50 rides a bit more firmly over bumps than other SUVs, but in return it has stable handling and is enjoyable to zip around town in or take out on a scenic drive. All-wheel drive is standard on every trim, as are driver assist features such as lane keeping assistance, traffic-adaptive cruise control and blind-spot warning. A 186-horsepower four-cylinder serves as this Mazda’s capable and budget-minded base engine. There’s an optional turbo four-cylinder that’s more powerful, but it nudges the price at or above a $40,000 spending limit.Starting manufacturer’s suggested retail price: $31,6752023 KIA SORENTOThe Kia Sorento is a compelling choice for shoppers wanting a low-priced seven-passenger SUV. Its third-row seating area is smaller than those of bigger models — such as the Hyundai Palisade listed below — but it is still suitable for occasional use for kids. Most of the Sorento’s trim levels come well stocked with helpful convenience and technology features.There is a choice of a fuel-conscious, non-turbocharged 191-horsepower four-cylinder engine or a punchier 281-horsepower turbo-four available in higher trims. And it’s possible to opt for the more powerful engine and keep the Sorento’s price well below $40,000. A Sorento Hybrid is also available for shoppers seeking higher fuel economy. Starting MSRP: $31,4152024 HONDA CR-VThe Honda CR-V is about as well rounded as a small SUV can get. It delivers a smooth and comfortable ride, great outward visibility, and loads of cargo space. Fuel economy is another plus point. The CR-V’s base 190-horsepower turbocharged four-cylinder gets up to an EPA-estimated 30 mpg combined, or you can opt for the 204-hp hybrid powertrain that gets up to 40 mpg combined. Thanks to its recent redesign for the 2023 model year, the interior of the CR-V is attractive and functional. Picking the midgrade EX-L trim stays under our budget limit and still gets you some upscale features such as leather upholstery, a power liftgate and a bigger center touchscreen. Starting MSRP: $30,8252024 SUBARU OUTBACKThe Subaru Outback is ideal for SUV shoppers who want a vehicle that’s suitable for occasional off-road adventures. Thanks to its standard all-wheel drive and generous ground clearance, the midsize Outback has above-average capability on dirt roads or rocky trails. The Outback’s wagon-like shape also makes it easier to load recreational gear or cargo on the roof.Acceleration from the Outback’s standard 182-horsepower four-cylinder can be slow when you need a burst of speed on the highway, but in exchange the Outback gets a respectable EPA-estimated 28 mpg combined. A more powerful turbocharged four-cylinder is also available, though it exceeds our budget cap.Starting MSRP: $30,1902024 HYUNDAI PALISADEThe three-row Hyundai Palisade is the most expensive SUV among Edmunds’ choices here, and the majority of trims are priced beyond a $40,000 budget. But it’s important to know even the base Palisade is equipped with a long roster of tech features and driving aids. Highlights include a big 12.3-inch center touchscreen, first- and second-row USB ports, traffic-adaptive cruise control and blind-spot warning.All Palisades come with a 291-horsepower V6 engine that delivers acceptable acceleration and fuel economy. Despite its relatively large size, the Palisade is relaxing to drive and easy to maneuver. Also worth noting is its third-row seating has ample space even for adults, which is a rarity among many midsize SUVs. Starting MSRP: $37,735_______This story was provided to The Associated Press by the automotive website Edmunds.Nick Kurczewski is a contributor at Edmunds and is on Twitter and Instagram。

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美国电台主持人 凯·雷斯达尔：难道他们的补贴，比我们的芯片法案和《通胀削减法案》提供的补贴还要多吗？我们（美国）可是投入了数十亿美元，你们（美国政府）投入了数十亿美元。

2022年8月，《通胀削减法案》经美国总统拜登签署成法，允许发放约3690亿美元补贴，试图通过高额补贴推动电动汽车及其他绿色技术在美国本土生产和应用。几乎同期成法的《芯片与科学法案》也划拨约500亿美元，刺激美国国内半导体生产，试图通过巨额产业补贴和遏制竞争的霸道条款，推动芯片制造“回流”本土。

德国伊弗经济研究所报告说，美方做法给德国带来“去工业化”威胁，德国工业结构将受到损害。韩国京畿大学国际产业信息学教授金周焕表示，《通胀削减法案》和《芯片与科学法案》都透露出美国霸权思维本色。